Effects of Transesophageal Ultrasound-Guided Individualized Lung Recruitment Strategies on Perioperative Lung Protection and Cognitive Function in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Multicenter, Prospective, Parallel-Group, Randomized Controlled Study

注册号:

Registration number:

ChiCTR2600124020 

最近更新日期:

Date of Last Refreshed on:

2026-05-06 14:42:01 

注册时间:

Date of Registration:

2026-05-06 00:00:00 

注册号状态:

预注册

Registration Status:

Prospective registration

注册题目:

食道超声引导下个体化肺复张策略对心脏外科手术患者围术期肺保护及认知功能的影响:一项多中心、前瞻性、平行组、随机对照研究

Public title:

Effects of Transesophageal Ultrasound-Guided Individualized Lung Recruitment Strategies on Perioperative Lung Protection and Cognitive Function in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Multicenter, Prospective, Parallel-Group, Randomized Controlled Study

注册题目简写:

English Acronym:

研究课题的正式科学名称:

食道超声引导下个体化肺复张策略对心脏外科手术患者围术期肺保护及认知功能的影响:一项多中心、前瞻性、平行组、随机对照研究

Scientific title:

Effects of Transesophageal Ultrasound-Guided Individualized Lung Recruitment Strategies on Perioperative Lung Protection and Cognitive Function in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Multicenter, Prospective, Parallel-Group, Randomized Controlled Study

研究课题代号(代码):

Study subject ID:

在二级注册机构或其它机构的注册号:

The registration number of the Partner Registry or other register:

申请注册联系人:

刘娣 

研究负责人:

刘娣 

Applicant:

Liu Di 

Study leader:

Liu Di 

申请注册联系人电话:

Applicant telephone:

+86 151 7834 0995

研究负责人电话:

Study leader's telephone:

+86 151 7834 0995

申请注册联系人传真 :

Applicant Fax:

研究负责人传真:

Study leader's fax:

申请注册联系人电子邮件:

Applicant E-mail:

53241@bbmu.edu.cn

研究负责人电子邮件:

Study leader's E-mail:

53241@bbmc.edu.cn

申请单位网址(自愿提供):

Applicant website(voluntary supply):

研究负责人网址(自愿提供):

Study leader's website(voluntary supply):

申请注册联系人通讯地址:

安徽省蚌埠市龙子湖区长淮路287号

研究负责人通讯地址:

安徽省蚌埠市龙子湖区长淮路287号

Applicant address:

287 Changhuai Road, Longzihu District, Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China

Study leader's address:

287 Changhuai Road, Longzihu District, Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China

申请注册联系人邮政编码:

Applicant postcode:

233000

研究负责人邮政编码:

Study leader's postcode:

233000

申请人所在单位:

蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院

Applicant's institution:

The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University

研究负责人所在单位:

蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院

Affiliation of the Leader:

The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University

是否获伦理委员会批准:

是/Yes

Approved by ethic committee:

Yes

伦理委员会批件文号:

Approved No. of ethic committee:

蚌医一附院临床医学研究伦理审[2026]KY016号

伦理委员会批件附件:

Approved file of Ethical Committee:

查看附件View

批准本研究的伦理委员会名称:

蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院临床医学研究伦理委员会

Name of the ethic committee:

Clinical Medical Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University

伦理委员会批准日期:

Date of approved by ethic committee:

2026-04-16 00:00:00

伦理委员会联系人:

段丽莎

Contact Name of the ethic committee:

Duan Lisha

伦理委员会联系地址:

安徽省蚌埠市龙子湖区治淮路287号

Contact Address of the ethic committee:

287 Changhuai Road, Longzihu District, Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China

伦理委员会联系人电话:

Contact phone of the ethic committee:

+86 552 308 6046

伦理委员会联系人邮箱:

Contact email of the ethic committee:

53241@bbmu.edu.cn

研究实施负责(组长)单位:

蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院

Primary sponsor:

The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University

研究实施负责(组长)单位地址:

安徽省蚌埠市龙子湖区治淮路287号

Primary sponsor's address:

287 Changhuai Road, Longzihu District, Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China

试验主办单位(项目批准或申办者):

Secondary sponsor:

国家:

中国

省(直辖市):

安徽

市(区县):

蚌埠

Country:

China

Province:

Anhui Province

City:

Bengbu

单位(医院):

蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院

具体地址:

安徽省蚌埠市龙子湖区治淮路287号

Institution
hospital:

The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University

Address:

287 Changhuai Road, Longzihu District, Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China

经费或物资来源:

自筹经费

Source(s) of funding:

self-funded

Target disease:

Postoperative Pulmonary Complications Following Cardiac Surgery

Target disease code:

研究类型:

干预性研究

Study type:

Interventional study

研究所处阶段:

其它 

Study phase:

N/A

研究设计:

随机平行对照 

Study design:

Parallel 

研究目的:

主要研究目的:旨在评估与标准策略相比,TEE引导的个体化肺复张策略在以下两个关键临床结局上的优效性: 验证该策略能否显著降低心脏手术患者术后7天内中重度肺部并发症的发生率。 探究该策略能否显著降低患者术后谵妄的发生率、严重程度及持续时间。 次要研究目的:旨在全面评估该策略的多维度效应及潜在机制: 证实该策略能即时并持续改善患者术后的氧合功能与呼吸系统顺应性。 评估该策略能否缩短机械通气时间、ICU停留时间及总住院时间。 探索该策略对患者术后1个月及3个月神经认知功能的保护作用。 通过检测围术期炎症标志物的动态变化,分析其与临床结局的关联,从生物学层面阐释 “肺-脑轴” 机制。  

Objectives of Study:

Primary research objectives: To evaluate the superiority of a TEE-guided individualized lung recruitment strategy compared to standard strategies in the following two key clinical outcomes: 1) To verify whether this strategy can significantly reduce the incidence of moderate to severe pulmonary complications within 7 days after cardiac surgery. 2) To explore whether this strategy can significantly reduce the incidence, severity, and duration of postoperative delirium in patients. Secondary research objectives: To comprehensively assess the multidimensional effects and potential mechanisms of this strategy: 1) To confirm whether this strategy can immediately and sustainably improve patients' postoperative oxygenation and respiratory system compliance. 2) To evaluate whether this strategy can shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and total hospitalization time. 3) To explore the protective effects of this strategy on patients' neurocognitive function at 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. 4) To analyze the correlation between perioperative inflammatory marker dynamics and clinical outcomes, thereby elucidating the "lung-brain axis" mechanism from a biological perspective.

药物成份或治疗方案详述:

 

Description for medicine or protocol of treatment in detail:

 

纳入标准:

1. 签名的带日期的知情同意书:患者或其法定代理人必须在手术前,于充分知情后自愿签署带有当前日期的书面知情同意书。 2. 承诺遵守研究程序,并配合实施全过程研究:患者需承诺并能够配合完成研究方案规定的所有围术期干预措施、住院期间的每日评估、术后血样采集以及术后1个月和3个月的电话随访。 3. 指定的性别或年龄范围:年龄45周岁至80周岁(含),性别不限。 4. 符合特定的疾病诊断、症状体征,或者一般健康状况良好:计划接受择期体外循环下心脏手术,包括冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)或心脏瓣膜置换/成形术。美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)身体状况分级为II级或III级。心功能尚可,术前左心室射血分数(LVEF)>= 50%。 5. 符合特定的实验室检查结果:无严重肝肾功能不全,具体标准为:估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)>= 30 ml/min/1.73 m^2,且未接受长期肾脏替代治疗。肝功能Child-Pugh分级为A级。 6. 能坚持、配合研究干预:患者需能耐受并配合术中经食道超声(TEE)检查及根据分组实施的机械通气策略调整。本研究干预为术中单次操作及术后短期通气参数维持,无需长期口服药物。

Inclusion criteria

1. Signed and dated informed consent form: The patient or their legal representative must voluntarily sign a written informed consent form with the current date before the surgery, after being fully informed. 2. Commitment to comply with the study procedures and cooperate with the entire research process: The patient must commit to and be able to cooperate in completing all perioperative interventions specified in the study protocol, daily evaluations during hospitalization, postoperative blood sample collection, and telephone follow-ups at 1 month and 3 months after surgery. 3. Specified gender or age range: Age 45 to 80 years (inclusive), any gender. 4. Meeting specific disease diagnosis, signs and symptoms, or generally good health: Planned to undergo elective cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass, including coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or cardiac valve replacement/repair. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification II or III. Cardiac function is adequate, with preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50%. 5. Meeting specific laboratory test results: No severe hepatic or renal dysfunction, with specific criteria as follows: estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 30 ml/min/1.73 m^2, and not on long-term renal replacement therapy. Liver function Child-Pugh classification A. 6. Able to adhere to and cooperate with study interventions: The patient must be able to tolerate and cooperate with intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and adjustments of mechanical ventilation strategies according to group assignment. The study intervention involves a single intraoperative procedure and short-term postoperative ventilation parameter maintenance, without the need for long-term oral medication.

排除标准:

1. 急诊、抢救性或二次开胸手术。 2. 术前合并严重慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD,GOLD 分级 >= 2 级)或重度肺动脉高压(肺动脉收缩压 > 60 mmHg)。 3. 术前存在明确的中枢神经系统疾病史(如脑卒中后遗症、痴呆、帕金森病、临床痴呆评定量表 >= 1 分)。 4. 严重肝功能障碍(Child-Pugh 分级 B 或 C 级)或严重肾功能不全(术前 eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m^2 或长期肾脏替代治疗)。 5. 存在食道超声检查禁忌症(如食管狭窄、肿瘤、静脉曲张、近期出血等)。 6. 术前存在认知障碍(蒙特利尔认知评估基础版得分 < 24 分,根据教育年限调整)。 7. 严重营养不良(BMI < 18.5 kg/m^2)。 8. 目前正在参与其他可能干扰本研究结果的干预性临床试验。

Exclusion criteria:

1. Emergency, rescue, or secondary thoracotomy surgery. 2. Preoperative comorbid severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, GOLD grade >= 2) or severe pulmonary hypertension (pulmonary artery systolic pressure > 60 mmHg). 3. Preoperative history of definite central nervous system disease (such as post-stroke sequelae, dementia, Parkinson's disease, Clinical Dementia Rating scale >= 1). 4. Severe liver dysfunction (Child-Pugh class B or C) or severe renal insufficiency (preoperative eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m^2 or long-term renal replacement therapy). 5. Presence of contraindications to esophageal ultrasound examination (such as esophageal stenosis, tumor, varices, recent bleeding, etc.). 6. Preoperative cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment basic score < 24, adjusted for years of education). 7. Severe malnutrition (BMI < 18.5 kg/m^2). 8. Currently participating in other interventional clinical trials that may interfere with the results of this study.

研究实施时间:

Study execute time:

From 2026-01-01 00:00:00 To 2027-12-31 00:00:00  

征募观察对象时间:

Recruiting time:

From 2026-05-10 00:00:00 To 2027-12-31 00:00:00  

干预措施:

Interventions:

组别:

个体化肺复张组

样本量:

54

Group:

Individualized Lung Recruitment Group

Sample size:

干预措施:

TEE引导个体化肺复张组,与对照组相同(潮气量6-8 mL/kg,基础PEEP 5 cmH?O)。核心干预 是使用经食道超声(TEE)评估左肺背部区域,根据肺部超声影像(A线、B线、C征)判断是否存在需要复张的肺不张。 若发现符合预设的肺不张标准(≥2个相邻C征区域或弥漫性显著B线),则启动 “阶梯式PEEP递增”肺复张。即在固定潮气量下,逐步增加PEEP(每次2 cmH?O),并实时用TEE观察复张效果,同时监测血流动力学。 达到最佳复张状态后,逐步降低PEEP,寻找能维持肺开放的最低值,定为该患者的 “个体化最佳PEEP”。 患者转入ICU后的至少2小时内,呼吸机将继续使用此 “个体化最佳PEEP”

干预措施代码:

Intervention:

TEE-Guided Individualized Lung Recruitment Group: Identical to the control group in terms of tidal volume (6-8 mL/kg) and baseline PEEP (5 cmH?O). The core intervention involves using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to assess the dorsal region of the left lung. Based on lung ultrasound findings (A-lines, B-lines, consolidation [C-pattern]), it is determined whether lung atelectasis requiring recruitment is present. If lung atelectasis meeting predefined criteria (≥2 adjacent consolidation regions or diffuse significant B-lines) is identified, a "Stepwise PEEP Titration" recruitment maneuver is initiated. Under fixed tidal volume, PEEP is incrementally increased (by 2 cmH?O per step) while real-time TEE monitors recruitment effectiveness, alongside hemodynamic surveillance. Upon achieving optimal recruitment, PEEP is gradually reduced to identify the minimum value capable of maintaining lung openness, which is then designated as the patient's "Individualized Optimal PEEP". Following transfer to the ICU, the ventilator will continue to apply this "Individualized Optimal PEEP" for a minimum of 2 hours.

Intervention code:

组别:

标准肺保护性通气组

样本量:

54

Group:

Standard Lung-Protective Ventilation Group

Sample size:

干预措施:

标准肺保护性通气组,全程采用固定的通气参数。潮气量设置为6-8 mL/kg(理想体重),呼气末正压(PEEP)固定为5 cmH?O。在体外循环期间停止通气,结束后恢复原参数,直至转入ICU。

干预措施代码:

Intervention:

This group received fixed ventilation parameters throughout the procedure. Tidal volume was set at 6-8 mL/kg (ideal body weight), and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was fixed at 5 cmH?O. Ventilation was discontinued during cardiopulmonary bypass and resumed with the original parameters upon its conclusion. This ventilation strategy was maintained until patient transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Intervention code:

研究实施地点:

Countries of recruitment and research settings:

国家:

中国

省(直辖市):

安徽 

市(区县):

 

Country:

China 

Province:

Anhui Province 

City:

 

单位(医院):

蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院 

单位级别:

三甲 

Institution
hospital:

The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University

Level of the institution:

Tertiary A

国家:

中国

省(直辖市):

江西 

市(区县):

 

Country:

China 

Province:

Jiangxi Province 

City:

 

单位(医院):

南昌大学第一附属医院 

单位级别:

三甲 

Institution
hospital:

The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Universit

Level of the institution:

Tertiary A

国家:

中国

省(直辖市):

江西 

市(区县):

 

Country:

China 

Province:

Jiangxi Province 

City:

 

单位(医院):

江西省人民医院 

单位级别:

三甲 

Institution
hospital:

Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital

Level of the institution:

Tertiary A

测量指标:

Outcomes:

指标中文名:

中重度术后肺部并发症(PPC)发生率

指标类型:

主要指标

Outcome:

Incidence of Moderate-to-Severe Postoperative Pulmonary Complications (PPCs)

Type:

Primary indicator

测量时间点:

术后第1-7天,每日评估,记录首发日期。

测量方法:

由设盲的终点事件裁定委员会依据标准(如需创通气>48h、再插管、ARDS、肺炎等)进行裁定。

Measure time point of outcome:

Postoperative Days 1-7: Assessed daily, with the date of first occurrence recorded.

Measure method:

Adjudicated by a blinded Clinical Endpoint Committee according to predefined criteria (e.g., invasive mechanical ventilation >48h, reintubation, ARDS, pneumonia, etc.).

指标中文名:

术后谵妄(POD)

指标类型:

主要指标

Outcome:

Postoperative delirium (POD)

Type:

Primary indicator

测量时间点:

术后第1-7天,每日评估

测量方法:

非机械通气患者: 使用3D-CAM量表。 机械通气患者: 使用CAM-ICU量表(结合RASS镇静评分)。 评估频率:每日2次(上下午各一)。

Measure time point of outcome:

Postoperative Days 1-7: Assessed daily, with the date of first occurrence recorded.

Measure method:

For non-mechanically ventilated patients: The 3D-CAM scale will be used. For mechanically ventilated patients: The CAM-ICU scale (combined with the RASS sedation score) will be used. Assessment frequency: Twice daily (once in the morning and once in the afternoon).

指标中文名:

氧合功能

指标类型:

次要指标

Outcome:

Oxygenation Function

Type:

Secondary indicator

测量时间点:

术后即刻:入ICU 1小时内。术后第1-7天:每日至少一次,取当日最差值。

测量方法:

通过动脉血气分析计算。记录最差值

Measure time point of outcome:

Immediately after surgery: Within 1 hour of ICU admission. Postoperative days 1-7: At least once daily, recording the worst value of the day.

Measure method:

Calculated based on arterial blood gas analysis. The worst value will be recorded.

指标中文名:

康复效率指标

指标类型:

次要指标

Outcome:

Recovery Efficiency Metrics / Indices

Type:

Secondary indicator

测量时间点:

从病历记录中提取。

测量方法:

机械通气时间(小时) ICU停留时间(小时) 总住院时间(天)

Measure time point of outcome:

Extracted from medical records.

Measure method:

Duration of Mechanical Ventilation (hours) Length of ICU Stay (hours) Total Hospital Length of Stay (days)

指标中文名:

神经认知功能

指标类型:

次要指标

Outcome:

Neurocognitive Function

Type:

Secondary indicator

测量时间点:

术前(基线) 术后1个月(±3天) 术后3个月(±15天)

测量方法:

蒙特利尔认知评估电话修订版(T-MoCA):用于评估整体认知功能。总分22分,<24分提示认知障碍。

Measure time point of outcome:

Preoperative (Baseline) Postoperative Month 1 (±3 days) Postoperative Month 3 (±15 days)

Measure method:

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment – Telephone Version (T-MoCA): Used to assess global cognitive function. The total score is 22 points, with a score < 24 suggesting cognitive impairment.

指标中文名:

炎症标志物

指标类型:

次要指标

Outcome:

Inflammation markers

Type:

Secondary indicator

测量时间点:

术前(基线),术后第1天清晨 ,术后第3天清晨

测量方法:

实验室检测:集中检测血浆中中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)

Measure time point of outcome:

Preoperative (Baseline) Morning of Postoperative Day 1

Measure method:

Laboratory Testing: Centralized detection of the following in plasma: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) S100 Calcium-Binding Protein Beta (S100β)

指标中文名:

神经损伤标志物

指标类型:

次要指标

Outcome:

Neuronal damage markers

Type:

Secondary indicator

测量时间点:

术前(基线),术后第1天清晨 ,术后第3天清晨

测量方法:

实验室检测:集中检测血浆中S100β和神经丝轻链蛋白(NfL)

Measure time point of outcome:

Time Points: Preoperative (baseline), Postoperative Day 1 Morning, Postoperative Day 3 Morning

Measure method:

Plasma concentrations of S100β and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were centrally measured.

采集人体标本:

Collecting sample(s)
from participants:

标本中文名:

神经损伤标志物

组织:

血浆

Sample Name:

Neurotrauma Biomarkers

Tissue:

Plasma

人体标本去向

使用后销毁  

说明

Fate of sample:

Destruction after use  

Note:

标本中文名:

炎症标志物

组织:

血浆

Sample Name:

Inflammatory Markers

Tissue:

Plasma

人体标本去向

使用后销毁  

说明

Fate of sample:

Destruction after use  

Note:

征募研究对象情况:

Recruiting status:

尚未开始

Not yet recruiting

年龄范围:

Participant age:

最小 Min age 45 years
最大 Max age 80 years

性别:

男女均可

Gender:

Both

随机方法(请说明由何人用什么方法产生随机序列):

①随机序列生成: 由不参与研究招募、干预与结局评估的独立生物统计学家,使用R统计软件提前生成随机分配序列。 ②随机化方法: 采用 “中心分层、区组随机” 的方法。

Randomization Procedure (please state who generates the random number sequence and by what method):

1. Random Sequence Generation: An independent biostatistician not involved in subject recruitment, intervention, or outcome assessment will generate the random allocation sequence in advance using R statistical software. 2. Randomization Method: A "center-stratified, block randomization" approach will be adopted.

是否公开试验完成后的统计结果:

Calculated Results after the Study Completed public access:

公开/Public

盲法:

Blinding:

None

试验完成后的统计结果(上传文件):

Calculated Results after
the Study Completed(upload file):

是否共享原始数据:

IPD sharing

Yes

共享原始数据的方式(说明:请填入公开原始数据日期和方式,如采用网络平台,需填该网络平台名称和网址):

本研究计划在文章发表后12个月内,通过Dryad(https://datadryad.org/)公开去识别化的个体参与者数据。数据将附带数据字典和统计分析计划。

The way of sharing IPD”(include metadata and protocol, If use web-based public database, please provide the url):

The de-identified individual participant data from this study will be made publicly available on Dryad (https://datadryad.org/) within 12 months after the publication of the manuscript. The dataset will be accompanied by a data dictionary and the statistical analysis plan.

数据采集和管理(说明:数据采集和管理由两部分组成,一为病例记录表(Case Record Form, CRF),二为电子采集和管理系统(Electronic Data Capture, EDC),如ResMan即为一种基于互联网的EDC:

本研究采用标准化病例记录表(CRF)进行数据收集,并使用基于互联网的电子数据采集系统(REDCap)进行数据录入与管理,确保数据完整性和安全性。

Data collection and Management (A standard data collection and management system include a CRF and an electronic data capture:

This study employs standardized Case Report Forms (CRFs) for data collection and utilizes the web-based electronic data capture system REDCap for data entry and management, ensuring data integrity and security.

数据与安全监察委员会:

Data and Safety Monitoring Committee:

暂未确定/Not yet

注册人:

Name of Registration:

 2026-05-06 14:41:54